Another devastating wave of pogroms in the Russian Empire leads to the Second Aliyah in the early twentieth century. Larger and better organized, Jewish olim begin building cities and forming defensive militias against their hostile neighbors.

One man singlehandedly transforms an ancient vocabulary into a living language.

An insidious affair in France inspires a Jewish publisher to write the pamphlet that would spark a movement for a Jewish state in the Jewish homeland.

A devastating pogrom in the Russian Empire and reforms in the Galilee lead to the first large wave of Jewish emigration to the Promised Land in the 1880's.

In the midst of the world’s first international antisemitic incident, rabbinic voices are heard calling for a Jewish return to the Land.